The basic usage of "shì""yě""hé" -“是”“也”“和”的基本用法

"是", "也" and "和" are three common words in Mandarin Chinese. They have different usages in different sentences. In this lesson, we are going to learn the basic usages of these three words. The basic meaning of “是” is “to be”, but notice that “是” and “to be” are not exactly the same. “也” means “also”, you should notice the position of “也” in Chinese word order. “和” is one of the most common conjunctions in Chinese. There are several meanings of “和”. In this lesson, we just talk about the usage of the meaning “and”.

1.The basic usage of “是”

The determinative sentence with “是”, indicating what somebody or something equals or belongs to.

Structure

subject + 是 + object

Examples

shì
lǎo
shī
.
I'm a teacher.
men
shì
xué
shēng
.
They are students.
shì
Měi
guó
rén
.
Mary is an American.
Wáng
lǎo
shī
shì
Hàn
lǎo
shī
.
Teacher Wang is a Chinese teacher.
Zhè
shì
Hàn
shū
.
This is Chinese book.

Note
In Chinese, adjective phrases and some adjectives can be used as predicate directly, no need to add the verb “是”.

Examples

shì
gāo
.
 
×
(I am tall.)
shì
piào
liang
.
 
×
(She is beautiful.)
Gǒu
shì
kě'ài
可爱
.
 
×
(dogs are cute.)

2.The basic usage of “也”

“也” used between subject and predicate, means “also”, “too”, “as well as”.

Structure

subject + 也 + predicate

Examples

shì
lǎo
shī
.
I am also a teacher.
men
shì
xué
shēng
.
They are also students.
Mǎlì
玛丽
xiǎng
xué
Zhōng
wén
.
Mary also wants to learn Chinese.
Gēge
哥哥
huan
xióng
māo
.
My elder brother also likes pandas.
bàba
爸爸
hěn
gāo
,
māma
妈妈
hěn
gāo
.
My father is tall, my mother is also tall.

3.The basic usage of “和”

“和” is used to connect two or more elements, indicating a parallel relationship. Exchange the order does not change the meaning of the sentence.

Examples

Mǎlì
玛丽
shì
hǎo
péng
you
.
Mary and I are good friends.
Mǎlì
玛丽
shì
hǎo
péng
you
.
Mary and I are good friends.
huan
chī
píng
guǒ
xiāng
jiāo
.
I like to eat apples and bananas.
huan
chī
xiāng
jiāo
píng
guǒ
.
I like to eat apples and bananas.
Zhuō
zi
shang
yǒu
diàn
nǎo
shū
.
There is computer and books on the desk.
Zhuō
zi
shang
yǒu
shū
diàn
nǎo
.
There is computer and books on the desk.

Note
When there are three or more elements, “和” must be placed between the last two.

Examples

jiā
yǒu
sān
kǒu
rén
,
bàba
爸爸
,
māma
妈妈
.
There are three people in my family, father, mother and me.
huan
chàng
,
tiào
kàn
shū
.
I like singing, dancing and reading.

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